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India is home to a rich diversity of wildlife supplemented by an equally rich variety of flora and fauna. The sight and sounds of a majestic elephant, a peacock’s dance, the stride of a camel, the roar of a tiger are unparalleled experiences in themselves. Watching birds and animals in their natural habitats is an experience in itself. The country offers immense opportunities for wildlife tourism. The immense heritage of wildlife in India comprises of more than 70 national parks and about 400 wildlife sanctuaries including the bird sanctuaries. |
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Home» Wildlife Sanctuary in India
Wildlife Sanctuary in India
Gir National Park & Sanctuary : Gujarat
The Gir wildlife sanctuary and national park, collectively referred to as the Gir Protected Area (PA), is located in the Saurashtra peninsula of Gujarat in western India.
Flora: Vegetation in Gir can be looked at in four ways. The first is the Teak forest and nearly half of the protected area has this kind of a habitat. The main tree species that occupy this habitat are Khair, Sadad, Timru, Babul, Amla, Moledi, Dhavdo, Kadayo and Bahedo.
The non-Teak forests, which comprise the remaining forest consists of tree species like the Khair, Dhavdo, Sadad, Timru, Amla, Moledi, Kadayo, Salai, Simal, Khakhro, Ber and Asundro. A distinct belt of vegetation is found along the main rivers and streams. Species like the Jambu, Karanj, Umro, Vad, Kalam, Charal, Sirus and Amli are found here. These trees are mostly broad leaved and evergreen, giving the area a cool shade and the moisture content. Finally, Prosopis and Casuarina have been planted in the coastal border as part of the aforestation plan.
Fauna: The Gir national park is a heaven to about 300 Asiatic lions. The Lion, Panther Leo, inhabits the forest of Gir in the Saurashtra peninsula, attracting sixty thousand visitors to this sanctuary of Gujarat every year. Gir today is the only place in the world, outside Africa, where the lion can be seen in its natural habitat. The Asiatic lion is slightly smaller than its African cousin; nevertheless, a large male lion of the Gir is quite a sight to behold. The best way to observe the big cats is, of course, in their natural surroundings, at dawn and dusk, when they are on the prowl. Wildlife viewing in the Girs is best done, by driving around the forest.
Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary
Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Jannaram 50-km from Mancherial, Adilabad district and is 260-kms from Hyderabad. It was established in 1965 and was originally managed as a 'Game Reserve'.
Flora: It spreads over 893-sq-km with dry deciduous teak forest, bamboo and miscellaneous species of flora. Because of its rich biodiversity it was declared as a sanctuary.
Fauna: Animals like Cheetal, Sambar, Nilgai, Muntjac (barking deer), Indian Bison (Gaur), Sloth Bear, Panther, Tiger and variety of birds like Peacocks, Patridges, Quails, Vultures, Eagles, Kites, Owls, Mynas, Pigeons, Tree - pies, Kingfishers are seen in the sanctuary. One can find reptiles like Python, Crocodile, Star Tortoise, Cobra, Kraite, and Monitor Lizard
Kolleru Bird Sanctuary
t is located 60-km away from Vijayawada near Eluru, West Godavari district. It is the largest fresh Water Lake in the country. This sanctuary extends over 673-sq-km (depending on water spread) of wetland and marshes surrounding the Kolleru Lake, between the Krishna and Godavari deltas. It is described as "Peerless Fisherman's Paradise and Birds heaven" in the Imperial Gazetteer. It receives water from four rivers, namely Budameru, Ramileru, Tammileru and Errakalva and 18 drains. This lake empties its water into the Bay of Bengal, every 6 months through an outlet called 'Upputera'.
Flora: The flora mainly consists of aquatic weeds like Ipomea Aquatics, Scripus, Water Hyacinth, Pharagmites, Ottelia, Typha etc. and certain tree species like Babul, Albezzia, Rain tree, Palmyrah, Prosopis and coconut trees.
A Pelican Haven: This lake supports a rich biodiversity and high biomass of fish, plankton that forms the source of food for birds. Pelicans arrive here during the nesting season to raise their young. In winter great activity can be seen here. The babble of Pelicans can be heard a quarter of a mile away. Apart from pelicans, one can find grey herons, white ibis, pond herons, egrets and many migratory ducks and water birds.
The Aquatic Life: Invertebrates like Crustaceans and Molluscs and 63 species of fish belonging to 29 families are found in the lake. Main ones are Boccha, Valugah, Korramenu, Gurak, Bangaru Teega, Jella, Ingilayh and Bommidaya. Ingilayh and Bommidaya are two species, which are under threat of extinction.
Fauna: Birds like Teals and Pintails are the main species. Other species include painted storks, open bill storks, grey Herons, cormorants, white Ibises, glossy Ibises, egrets, Reef Herons, Ducks, Coots, Shovellers, Terns, Jacanas, Moorhens etc can be seen here.
Bandipur National Park
Bandipur National Park: Part of the lushly-forested Deccan Plateau, Bandipur, in Karnataka, offers a rich and varied wildlife habitat. It is a part of a larger national park, which also includes the neighbouring wildlife sanctuaries, of Mudumalai Tamil Nadu and Wynad in Kerala. This sanctuary is one of the 15 sanctuaries selected across India for Project Tiger, a scheme launched in 1973, by the World Wide Fund for Nature -
Flora and Fauna: India, to save the tiger and its habitat. Covered with a mix of deciduous forests, evergreen forests and scrub, and well - irrigated by the Moyar river, Bandipur has a fairly open forest area, making it easy for visitors to spot wildlife. The prominent fauna of this reserve, include the Asian elephant, gaur, sambar, chital, mouse deer, four horned antelope, wild pig, black-necked hare and the Indian porcupine
Periyar / Thekkady Wildlife Sanctuary : Kerala
Between Trivandrum and Munnar is Thekkady, the home of one of India's oldest and best-known wildlife sancturies. The former princely state of Travancore began to develop the area as a sanctuary in 1934, using the artificial lake that had been formed by flooding in 1895 as its center. By 1950 the sanctuary had reached its present size of 780 square kilometers and was named the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary.
The sanctuary is in fact closer to madurai in Tamil Nadu, 140 kilometers to the east via an extremely attractive road, and Cochin, 200 kilometers to the west. The vast calmness of the lake and the stark, skeletal remains of the trees that protrude from its waters give the area a primeval look. The mists that swirl ethereally over the water in the early morning heighten this impression.
Fauna: The wildlife remains largely undisturbed by visitors who must observe it from special boats which glide across the surface of the lake. although the stars of the sanctuary are the families of wild elephants that often gather near the water's edge, other inhabitants include bears, sambhar, bison and spotted deer, as well as many screeching monkeys. The sanctuary was one of the first to come under the centeral goverment's successful Project Tiger. The bird life is rich and varied and Periyar attracts dedicated bird- watching enthusiasts.
Wildlife Sanctuary in India
Gir National Park & Sanctuary : Gujarat
The Gir wildlife sanctuary and national park, collectively referred to as the Gir Protected Area (PA), is located in the Saurashtra peninsula of Gujarat in western India.
Flora: Vegetation in Gir can be looked at in four ways. The first is the Teak forest and nearly half of the protected area has this kind of a habitat. The main tree species that occupy this habitat are Khair, Sadad, Timru, Babul, Amla, Moledi, Dhavdo, Kadayo and Bahedo.
The non-Teak forests, which comprise the remaining forest consists of tree species like the Khair, Dhavdo, Sadad, Timru, Amla, Moledi, Kadayo, Salai, Simal, Khakhro, Ber and Asundro. A distinct belt of vegetation is found along the main rivers and streams. Species like the Jambu, Karanj, Umro, Vad, Kalam, Charal, Sirus and Amli are found here. These trees are mostly broad leaved and evergreen, giving the area a cool shade and the moisture content. Finally, Prosopis and Casuarina have been planted in the coastal border as part of the aforestation plan.
Fauna: The Gir national park is a heaven to about 300 Asiatic lions. The Lion, Panther Leo, inhabits the forest of Gir in the Saurashtra peninsula, attracting sixty thousand visitors to this sanctuary of Gujarat every year. Gir today is the only place in the world, outside Africa, where the lion can be seen in its natural habitat. The Asiatic lion is slightly smaller than its African cousin; nevertheless, a large male lion of the Gir is quite a sight to behold. The best way to observe the big cats is, of course, in their natural surroundings, at dawn and dusk, when they are on the prowl. Wildlife viewing in the Girs is best done, by driving around the forest.
Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary
Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Jannaram 50-km from Mancherial, Adilabad district and is 260-kms from Hyderabad. It was established in 1965 and was originally managed as a 'Game Reserve'.
Flora: It spreads over 893-sq-km with dry deciduous teak forest, bamboo and miscellaneous species of flora. Because of its rich biodiversity it was declared as a sanctuary.
Fauna: Animals like Cheetal, Sambar, Nilgai, Muntjac (barking deer), Indian Bison (Gaur), Sloth Bear, Panther, Tiger and variety of birds like Peacocks, Patridges, Quails, Vultures, Eagles, Kites, Owls, Mynas, Pigeons, Tree - pies, Kingfishers are seen in the sanctuary. One can find reptiles like Python, Crocodile, Star Tortoise, Cobra, Kraite, and Monitor Lizard
Kolleru Bird Sanctuary
t is located 60-km away from Vijayawada near Eluru, West Godavari district. It is the largest fresh Water Lake in the country. This sanctuary extends over 673-sq-km (depending on water spread) of wetland and marshes surrounding the Kolleru Lake, between the Krishna and Godavari deltas. It is described as "Peerless Fisherman's Paradise and Birds heaven" in the Imperial Gazetteer. It receives water from four rivers, namely Budameru, Ramileru, Tammileru and Errakalva and 18 drains. This lake empties its water into the Bay of Bengal, every 6 months through an outlet called 'Upputera'.
Flora: The flora mainly consists of aquatic weeds like Ipomea Aquatics, Scripus, Water Hyacinth, Pharagmites, Ottelia, Typha etc. and certain tree species like Babul, Albezzia, Rain tree, Palmyrah, Prosopis and coconut trees.
A Pelican Haven: This lake supports a rich biodiversity and high biomass of fish, plankton that forms the source of food for birds. Pelicans arrive here during the nesting season to raise their young. In winter great activity can be seen here. The babble of Pelicans can be heard a quarter of a mile away. Apart from pelicans, one can find grey herons, white ibis, pond herons, egrets and many migratory ducks and water birds.
The Aquatic Life: Invertebrates like Crustaceans and Molluscs and 63 species of fish belonging to 29 families are found in the lake. Main ones are Boccha, Valugah, Korramenu, Gurak, Bangaru Teega, Jella, Ingilayh and Bommidaya. Ingilayh and Bommidaya are two species, which are under threat of extinction.
Fauna: Birds like Teals and Pintails are the main species. Other species include painted storks, open bill storks, grey Herons, cormorants, white Ibises, glossy Ibises, egrets, Reef Herons, Ducks, Coots, Shovellers, Terns, Jacanas, Moorhens etc can be seen here.
Bandipur National Park
Bandipur National Park: Part of the lushly-forested Deccan Plateau, Bandipur, in Karnataka, offers a rich and varied wildlife habitat. It is a part of a larger national park, which also includes the neighbouring wildlife sanctuaries, of Mudumalai Tamil Nadu and Wynad in Kerala. This sanctuary is one of the 15 sanctuaries selected across India for Project Tiger, a scheme launched in 1973, by the World Wide Fund for Nature -
Flora and Fauna: India, to save the tiger and its habitat. Covered with a mix of deciduous forests, evergreen forests and scrub, and well - irrigated by the Moyar river, Bandipur has a fairly open forest area, making it easy for visitors to spot wildlife. The prominent fauna of this reserve, include the Asian elephant, gaur, sambar, chital, mouse deer, four horned antelope, wild pig, black-necked hare and the Indian porcupine
Periyar / Thekkady Wildlife Sanctuary : Kerala
Between Trivandrum and Munnar is Thekkady, the home of one of India's oldest and best-known wildlife sancturies. The former princely state of Travancore began to develop the area as a sanctuary in 1934, using the artificial lake that had been formed by flooding in 1895 as its center. By 1950 the sanctuary had reached its present size of 780 square kilometers and was named the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary.
The sanctuary is in fact closer to madurai in Tamil Nadu, 140 kilometers to the east via an extremely attractive road, and Cochin, 200 kilometers to the west. The vast calmness of the lake and the stark, skeletal remains of the trees that protrude from its waters give the area a primeval look. The mists that swirl ethereally over the water in the early morning heighten this impression.
Fauna: The wildlife remains largely undisturbed by visitors who must observe it from special boats which glide across the surface of the lake. although the stars of the sanctuary are the families of wild elephants that often gather near the water's edge, other inhabitants include bears, sambhar, bison and spotted deer, as well as many screeching monkeys. The sanctuary was one of the first to come under the centeral goverment's successful Project Tiger. The bird life is rich and varied and Periyar attracts dedicated bird- watching enthusiasts.
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